CCR4
CCR4: A Critical Chemokine Receptor in Immune Regulation
Description
CCR4 is a chemokine receptor protein expressed on the surface of immune cells, primarily T cells and monocytes. It binds to the chemokines CCL17 and CCL22, which play crucial roles in the recruitment and activation of immune cells to sites of inflammation. CCR4 signaling is essential for the regulation of immune responses, especially in allergic and inflammatory diseases.
Associated Diseases
Aberrant CCR4 signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including:
- Allergic Rhinitis: CCR4-positive T cells play a major role in the inflammatory response associated with allergic rhinitis (hay fever).
- Asthma: CCR4 expression is elevated in asthmatic patients, and its inhibition has shown promise in reducing airway inflammation.
- Atopic Dermatitis: CCR4 is involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the skin in atopic dermatitis (eczema).
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: CCR4 contributes to the joint inflammation and destruction seen in rheumatoid arthritis.
- HIV Infection: CCR4 is a co-receptor for HIV-1, and its expression on macrophages and T cells facilitates viral entry and replication.
Did you Know ?
Approximately 10-20% of the population carries a genetic variant in the CCR4 gene that results in a decreased expression of the receptor. This variant has been associated with a reduced risk of developing allergic diseases, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis.
