CARM1

Description

The CARM1 (coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.

CARM1 is an enzyme that plays a role in various cellular processes. It catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-Adenosyl methionine to arginine residues within proteins. This methylation process is crucial for regulating gene expression, pre-mRNA splicing, and mRNA stability. CARM1 is involved in several coactivator complexes and interacts with various proteins, including histone acetyltransferases, nuclear hormone receptors, and transcription factors. It is implicated in the progression of certain cancers, both as a promoter and suppressor of tumor growth. CARM1's role in cellular development is evident in its function in guiding cells towards the inner cell mass in developing blastocysts.

CARM1 is a histone-arginine methyltransferase that modifies arginyl residues in various proteins involved in DNA packaging, transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, and mRNA stability. CARM1 is recruited to promoters upon gene activation and methylates histone H3 at 'Arg-17' (H3R17me), forming mainly asymmetric dimethylarginine (H3R17me2a), which activates transcription through chromatin remodeling. It acts synergistically with histone acetyltransferases and other factors to regulate transcription. CARM1 is involved in nuclear hormone receptor activation, TCF7L2/TCF4 activation, myogenic transcriptional activation, monocyte inflammatory stimulation, PPARG coactivation, pre-mRNA alternative splicing, and p53/TP53 transcriptional activation. It methylates EP300/P300, impacting its interaction with other proteins. CARM1 also methylates RNA-binding proteins, potentially affecting mRNA stability. It functions as a transcriptional coactivator of ACACA/acetyl-CoA carboxylase and plays a role in replication fork progression by recruiting PARP1.

CARM1 is also known as PRMT4.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing