CADM1
Description
The CADM1 (cell adhesion molecule 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
Cell adhesion molecule 1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CADM1 gene.
== Interactions == Cell adhesion molecule 1 has been shown to interact with EPB41L3.
== Association studies == Genome-wide association studies identified an association between body mass index and two loci near the CADM1 and CADM2 gene. Experimental results of another study showed that obese mice had an over expression of both CADM1 and CADM2 genes, and that loss of CADM1 protected mice from obesity, promoting a negative energy balance and weight loss. Furthermore, a 2019 GWAS study revealed an association between Anorexia nervosa and CADM1. In the brain, this genes mediate synaptic assembly, and mutations in CADM1 are also associated with Autistic spectrum disorder.
CADM1 mediates cell-cell adhesion in a calcium-independent manner. It can interact with itself (homophilic) or with other proteins like CADM3 and NECTIN3 (heterophilic). Interaction with CRTAM promotes NK cell cytotoxicity and IFN-gamma secretion, and is involved in tumor rejection. In mast cells, CADM1 mediates attachment to nerves and is essential for mast cell development and survival. It also regulates the retention of activated T cells in lymph nodes, and promotes the adhesion of T cells to dendritic cells in the gut. CADM1 acts as a synaptic cell adhesion molecule, plays a role in synapse assembly, and may be involved in neuronal migration and axon growth. It is also involved in spermatogenesis and acts as a tumor suppressor in non-small-cell lung cancer.
CADM1 is also known as BL2, IGSF4, IGSF4A, NECL2, Necl-2, RA175, ST17, SYNCAM, TSLC1, sTSLC-1, sgIGSF, synCAM1.
