BST1

Description

The BST1 (bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4.

BST1 (Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1, ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2, CD157) is an enzyme encoded by the BST1 gene in humans. It is a paralog of CD38, both located on chromosome 4 (4p15) in humans. BST1 is a stromal cell line-derived glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule that facilitates pre-B-cell growth. The amino acid sequence of BST1 shares 33% similarity with CD38. BST1 expression is enhanced in bone marrow stromal cell lines derived from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The polyclonal B-cell abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis may be, at least in part, attributed to BST1 overexpression in the stromal cell population. BST1 and CD38 are members of the ADP-ribosyl cyclase family of enzymes that catalyze the formation of nicotinamide and adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) or cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) from NAD+, although BST1 is a much weaker catalyst than CD38. cADPR is required for regulation of Ca2+ in cells. Only CD38 hydrolyzed cADPR to ADPR. CD38 is widely expressed in tissues, whereas BST1 is primarily found in gut and lymphoid tissue. BST1 plays an important role in controlling the migration of leukocytes, the adhesion of leukocytes to blood vessel walls, and the passage of leukocytes through blood vessel walls.

BST1 catalyzes both the synthesis of cyclic ADP-beta-D-ribose (cADPR) from NAD(+) and its hydrolysis to ADP-D-ribose (ADPR) (PubMed:7805847). Cyclic ADPR serves as an endogenous second messenger that elicits calcium release from intracellular stores and regulates the mobilization of intracellular calcium (Probable). BST1 may be involved in pre-B-cell growth (Probable).

BST1 is also known as CD157, cADPR2.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing

Clinical Exome Sequencing