BCAR3
Description
The BCAR3 (BCAR3 adaptor protein, NSP family member) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
BCAR3 (Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein 3) is a protein encoded by the BCAR3 gene in humans. It plays a crucial role in the development of estrogen resistance in breast cancer. BCAR3 is involved in intracellular signal transduction, leading to estrogen-independent proliferation of human breast cancer cells. It contains a putative src homology 2 (SH2) domain, a hallmark of cellular tyrosine kinase signaling molecules, and shares some homology with the cell division cycle protein CDC48.
BCAR3 acts as an adapter protein involved in various signaling pathways, promoting cell growth, movement, and structural changes. It's specifically involved in insulin signaling, mediating the activation of ERK1/2 and DNA synthesis. It also promotes membrane ruffling in response to insulin. BCAR3 plays a role in activating RAP1 downstream of PTK2B in response to the vasoconstrictor peptide EDN1. It inhibits cell migration and invasion by regulating TGFβ-mediated matrix digestion and actin filament rearrangement. BCAR3 may inhibit TGFβ-SMAD signaling by facilitating interactions between BCAR1 and SMAD2/3. It regulates EGF-induced DNA synthesis and is essential for maintaining ocular lens morphology and structural integrity, possibly by regulating focal adhesion complex signaling. BCAR3 acts upstream of PTPRA to control the localization of BCAR1 and PTPRA to focal adhesions by regulating SRC-mediated phosphorylation of PTPRA. It positively regulates integrin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of BCAR1. BCAR3 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small GTPases RALA, RAP1A, and RRAS. However, conflicting studies suggest that BCAR3 lacks GEF activity towards RAP1.
BCAR3 is also known as AND-34, MIG7, NSP2, SH2D3B.
Associated Diseases
- multiple sclerosis
- lysosomal storage disease
- Parkinson disease
- Alzheimer disease
- schizophrenia
- early-onset non-syndromic cataract
- hereditary hyperferritinemia with congenital cataracts
