AVPR1A
Arginine Vasopressin Receptor 1A (AVPR1A): A Key Regulator of Water Homeostasis and Social Behavior
Description
The arginine vasopressin receptor 1A (AVPR1A) is a G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by the hormone vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Vasopressin plays a crucial role in regulating water balance and social behavior.
AVPR1A is predominantly expressed in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus and limbic system. It is also found in the kidneys and vascular smooth muscle. Upon binding to vasopressin, AVPR1A triggers downstream signaling pathways that modulate various physiological and behavioral responses.
Associated Diseases
Dysregulation of AVPR1A signaling has been linked to several diseases, including:
- Diabetes Insipidus (Central and Nephrogenic): Failure of AVPR1A to respond adequately to vasopressin can lead to an inability to concentrate urine, resulting in excessive thirst and urination.
- Arterial Hypertension: Inappropriate activation of AVPR1A in the vasculature can cause blood vessel constriction and elevated blood pressure.
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Studies have suggested that alterations in AVPR1A signaling may contribute to the social deficits observed in ASD.
- Schizophrenia: Dysregulation of AVPR1A in the brain has been implicated in the cognitive and emotional disturbances associated with schizophrenia.
Did you Know ?
Only 2% of the total vasopressin produced by the body is actually released into the bloodstream. The remaining 98% is stored in the pituitary gland until needed.
