ATG9A
Description
The ATG9A (autophagy related 9A) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
ATG9A, encoded by the ATG9A gene, is a protein involved in autophagy and other membrane remodeling processes, such as plasma membrane repair. It is a lipid scramblase and interacts with IQGAP1 and the ESCRT machinery during membrane remodeling.
ATG9A, also known as APG9-like 1 or mATG9, is a phospholipid scramblase that plays a crucial role in autophagy. It mediates autophagosomal membrane expansion, facilitating the growth of autophagosomes. ATG9A cycles between the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS) and the cytoplasmic vesicle pool, supplying membrane material for the growing autophagosome. Its lipid scramblase activity is key in preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly, ensuring the proper distribution of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the luminal leaflet of the bilayer, thereby driving autophagosomal membrane expansion. In addition to its role in autophagy, ATG9A has been implicated in necrotic cell death.
ATG9A is also known as APG9L1, MGD3208, mATG9.
