ASRGL1
Description
The ASRGL1 (asparaginase and isoaspartyl peptidase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
ASRGL1 is a human gene that encodes the L-asparaginase enzyme. The ASRGL1 protein, composed of 308 amino acids, is activated by autocleavage at amino acid 168, forming alpha and beta chains that can dimerize into a heterodimer. This enzyme possesses both L-asparaginase and beta-aspartyl peptidase activity, potentially involved in producing L-aspartate, an excitatory neurotransmitter in certain brain regions. ASRGL1 protein is present in all human tissues, with the highest expression in the brain, female tissues like the uterine cervix and fallopian tube, and male tissues like the testis. Confocal microscopy reveals that ASRGL1 primarily localizes to microtubules. Notably, ASRGL1 is highly expressed in the normal endometrium and differentially expressed in endometrial cancer. Loss of ASRGL1 expression is associated with an unfavorable prognosis for patients with endometrial cancer.
ASRGL1 exhibits both L-asparaginase and beta-aspartyl peptidase activity. It plays a role in producing L-aspartate, an excitatory neurotransmitter in certain brain regions. Notably, it displays high activity with L-Asp beta-methyl ester. Furthermore, it demonstrates catalytic activity towards beta-aspartyl dipeptides and their methyl esters, including aspartame. However, ASRGL1 lacks aspartylglucosaminidase activity and is inactive towards GlcNAc-L-Asn and glutamine.
ASRGL1 is also known as ALP, ALP1, CRASH.
