ARFGAP1
Description
The ARFGAP1 (ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 20.
ARFGAP1 (ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1) is an enzyme encoded by the ARFGAP1 gene in humans. It functions as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) associated with the Golgi apparatus, interacting with ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1). ARFGAP1 promotes the hydrolysis of GTP bound to ARF1, leading to the dissociation of coat proteins from Golgi-derived membranes and vesicles. This dissociation is crucial for the fusion of these vesicles with their target compartments. The activity of ARFGAP1 is stimulated by phosphoinositides and inhibited by phosphatidylcholine. ARFGAP1 contains two amphipathic lipid packing sensor motifs (ALPS) that enable it to sense membrane curvature and lipid packing defects, indicating the maturity of a vesicle and its readiness for coat disassembly. ARFGAP1 has been shown to interact with KDELR1 and LRRK2.
ARFGAP1 is a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for the ADP ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1). It plays a crucial role in membrane trafficking and vesicle transport by promoting the hydrolysis of GTP bound to ARF1. This hydrolysis is essential for the dissociation of coat proteins from Golgi-derived membranes and vesicles, enabling the fusion of these vesicles with their target compartments. ARFGAP1 is thought to regulate ARF1-mediated transport through its interactions with KDELR proteins and TMED2. Overexpression of ARFGAP1 leads to the redistribution of the Golgi complex to the endoplasmic reticulum, a phenomenon observed when ARF1 is deactivated. Its activity is stimulated by phosphoinositides and inhibited by phosphatidylcholine.
ARFGAP1 is also known as ARF1GAP, HRIHFB2281.
