APOBEC3G
Description
APOBEC3G (A3G) is a crucial antiviral enzyme that plays a significant role in the human immune system‘s defense against HIV infection. This gene encodes a protein that acts as a cytidine deaminase, specifically targeting the single-stranded DNA of retroviruses like HIV. A3G‘s primary mechanism involves introducing mutations into the viral genome, effectively disrupting the virus‘s ability to replicate and spread. This editing process, known as hypermutation, is a powerful antiviral strategy employed by the host cell.
Associated Diseases
- HIV Infection: A3G‘s primary function is to inhibit HIV replication. Mutations in the A3G gene can impair its antiviral activity, potentially leading to increased susceptibility to HIV infection or faster disease progression.
- Other Retroviral Infections: A3G has also been shown to have activity against other retroviruses, highlighting its broader role in antiviral defense.
Did you know?
The APOBEC3G gene exhibits a fascinating evolutionary history, demonstrating a dynamic arms race between the host and the virus. HIV, in turn, has evolved mechanisms to counter A3G‘s antiviral effects.
