AGO2
AGO2: The Intriguing Gene Linked to Stem Cells and Disease
Description
AGO2, short for Argonaute 2, is a pivotal gene that plays a crucial role in gene silencing, a process essential for cellular regulation and development. It belongs to a family of proteins known as Argonaute proteins, which form the core of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC).
AGO2 is mainly expressed in embryonic stem cells and germ cells, suggesting its vital involvement in early developmental processes. It also regulates gene expression in adult tissues, particularly in response to viral infections.
Associated Diseases
Mutations or dysregulation of AGO2 have been linked to several human diseases, including:
- Cancer: AGO2 downregulation has been observed in certain cancers, such as lung, liver, and breast cancer. It is believed to contribute to tumorigenesis by impairing gene silencing and promoting cellular proliferation.
- Neurological disorders: Mutations in AGO2 can lead to microcephaly (a small head) and intellectual disability. These disorders arise from defects in neural development, resulting in abnormal brain formation.
- Immune disorders: AGO2 is involved in regulating immune responses. Dysregulation of AGO2 can lead to autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), by disrupting the immune system‘s ability to distinguish self from non-self.
Did you Know ?
AGO2 is expressed in over 90% of human cells, indicating its widespread involvement in various biological processes.
