ACSL5
Description
The ACSL5 (acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 5) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10.
ACSL5 (Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 5) is an enzyme encoded by the ACSL5 gene in humans. It belongs to the long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family, which converts free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters. This process is crucial for lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. ACSL5 is highly expressed in the uterus and spleen, and in trace amounts in the brain, but significantly increases in malignant gliomas. It plays a role in glioma cell growth, and three transcript variants encoding two isoforms have been identified for this gene.
ACSL5 catalyzes the conversion of long-chain fatty acids into their active form, acyl-CoAs, which are essential for both lipid synthesis and degradation via beta-oxidation. ACSL5 can activate fatty acids from external sources for the synthesis of triacylglycerol, which is stored within cells. It prefers C16-C18 unsaturated fatty acids but can utilize a wide range of saturated fatty acids. ACSL5 may also stimulate fatty acid oxidation. In the small intestine, ACSL5 may sensitize epithelial cells to apoptosis triggered by the death ligand TRAIL. Additionally, ACSL5 may contribute to the survival of glioma cells.
ACSL5 is also known as ACS2, ACS5, DIAR13, FACL5.
