Acanthocheilonemiasis

Description

Acanthocheilonemiasis, also known as subcutaneous filariasis, is a rare parasitic infection caused by filarial worms of the genus Acanthocheilonema. This infection primarily affects the subcutaneous tissues, leading to various symptoms and complications. While uncommon, understanding this condition is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment.

Genes Involved

The susceptibility to Acanthocheilonemiasis is not directly linked to specific genes. The infection is caused by parasitic worms, and individual genetic factors do not play a significant role in determining the risk of developing the disease.

Recognizing the Signs and Symptoms

Skin lesions: A hallmark of Acanthocheilonemiasis is the presence of subcutaneous nodules, which are firm, movable, and often painful. These nodules may appear on any part of the body but are frequently found on the limbs and trunk.
Pruritis (itching): Severe itching is a common symptom associated with the skin lesions.
Swelling: The affected area may become swollen and inflamed, especially around the nodules.
Pain: The nodules can be quite painful, particularly when touched or moved.
Lymph node enlargement: In some cases, lymph nodes near the affected area may become enlarged.
Fever: A low-grade fever may occur, especially during the early stages of infection.
Fatigue: General fatigue and weakness are also possible symptoms.

Causes

Mosquito bites: Acanthocheilonemiasis is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes, primarily of the Culex genus.
Filarial worm larvae: The infected mosquitoes carry microscopic filarial worm larvae, which enter the bloodstream of the human host upon biting. These larvae mature into adult worms in the subcutaneous tissues, causing the characteristic symptoms.

Inheritance/recurrence risk

Inheritance or Recurrence Risk

Acanthocheilonemiasis is not an inherited condition. It is acquired through mosquito bites. However, if an individual lives in an area where the disease is prevalent and is repeatedly exposed to infected mosquitoes, they may experience recurrent infections.

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