TRMT5
Description
The TRMT5 (tRNA methyltransferase 5) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 14.
TRMT5 is an enzyme responsible for the methylation of guanine37 within tRNA molecules. This methylation is essential for maintaining the correct reading frame during translation. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the N1 position of guanine37 in tRNA. This reaction is reversible and results in the formation of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine and N1-methylguanine37 in tRNA.
TRMT5 plays a crucial role in mitochondrial tRNA methylation, specifically modifying the N1 position of guanosine-37 within various tRNAs. This methylation process is independent of the 5' nucleoside neighboring the target guanosine. Notably, this methylation event marks the initial step in the biosynthesis of wybutosine (yW), a modified base situated adjacent to the tRNA anticodon. Wybutosine is essential for accurate decoding during translation.
TRMT5 is also known as COXPD26, KIAA1393, PNSED, TRM5.
