PABPN1 : poly(A) binding protein nuclear 1
Description
The PABPN1 (poly(A) binding protein nuclear 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 14.
The PABPN1 gene provides instructions for making a protein found throughout the body. PABPN1 protein is important for processing messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are genetic blueprints for making proteins. PABPN1 attaches to the end of an mRNA molecule at a region called the polyadenine tail or poly(A) tail. Poly(A) tails protect mRNA from being broken down and allow mRNA to be transported within the cell. PABPN1 helps add adenines to the poly(A) tail. PABPN1 also helps transport mRNA out of the nucleus and may be involved in regulating mRNA production and the breakdown of poor quality mRNA. Near the beginning of the PABPN1 protein is a stretch of alanines, called a polyalanine tract. The role of the polyalanine tract in PABPN1 protein function is unknown.
PABPN1 is involved in the addition of a poly(A) tail to mRNA precursors, a process that is essential for mRNA stability and translation. PABPN1 stimulates the activity of poly(A) polymerase (PAPOLA), which adds adenine nucleotides to the poly(A) tail, and also controls the length of the tail. PABPN1 also plays a role in mRNA transport out of the nucleus and in the degradation of faulty mRNAs. PABPN1 interacts with other proteins involved in mRNA metabolism, including SKIP, MYOD1, and MTREX, and may help to regulate the expression of muscle-specific genes.
PABPN1 is also known as OPMD, PAB2, PABII, PABP-2, PABP2.
