NPPA
Description
The NPPA (natriuretic peptide A) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
NPPA may refer to:
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a hormone that plays a key role in mediating cardio-renal homeostasis. It is involved in vascular remodeling and regulating energy metabolism. ANP acts by specifically binding and stimulating NPR1 to produce cGMP, which in turn activates effector proteins, such as PRKG1, that drive various biological responses. ANP regulates vasodilation, natriuresis, diuresis, and aldosterone synthesis. It is therefore essential for regulating blood pressure, controlling the extracellular fluid volume, and maintaining the fluid-electrolyte balance. ANP also inhibits cardiac remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy by inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and attenuating the growth of cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. ANP plays a role in female pregnancy by promoting trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling in the uterus, thus preventing pregnancy-induced hypertension. In adipose tissue, ANP acts in various cGMP- and PKG-dependent pathways to regulate lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. This includes up-regulating lipid metabolism and mitochondrial oxygen utilization by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and increasing energy expenditure by acting via MAPK11 to promote the UCP1-dependent thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue. ANP binds the clearance receptor NPR3 which removes the hormone from circulation.
NPPA is also known as ANF, ANP, ATFB6, ATRST2, CDD, CDD-ANF, CDP, PND.
