MAT1A : methionine adenosyltransferase 1A
Description
The MAT1A (methionine adenosyltransferase 1A) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10.
The MAT1A gene provides instructions for producing the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase. The enzyme is produced in two forms, designated MATI and MATII. MATI is a homotetramer (four identical protein subunits) while MATII is a homodimer (two of the same protein subunits). Both forms are found in the liver and help break down methionine, an amino acid. The enzyme initiates the conversion of methionine to S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet or SAMe). AdoMet is crucial for transferring methyl groups to other compounds, a process called transmethylation. This process is essential for various cellular functions, including regulating DNA expression, protein and lipid reactions, and neurotransmitter processing.
MAT1A encodes the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase, which catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) from methionine and ATP. This process involves two steps, both catalyzed by the enzyme: formation of AdoMet and triphosphate, followed by the hydrolysis of triphosphate.
MAT1A is also known as MAT, MATA1, SAMS, SAMS1.
