LDHA : lactate dehydrogenase A

Description

The LDHA gene encodes lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), a crucial enzyme involved in glycolysis, the primary pathway for energy production in cells. LDHA catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate, generating NAD+ for continued glycolytic activity. This process is essential for maintaining energy levels in cells, particularly under anaerobic conditions. LDHA is highly expressed in tissues with high energy demands, such as skeletal muscle and red blood cells. Its activity is tightly regulated by various factors, including oxygen availability, hormonal signals, and cellular stress. Dysregulation of LDHA expression or activity has been implicated in a range of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.

Associated Diseases

• Cancer: LDHA overexpression is commonly observed in various cancer types, promoting tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance.
• Cardiovascular Disease: LDHA is implicated in heart failure, atherosclerosis, and stroke. Increased LDHA activity can contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation in the cardiovascular system.
• Neurodegenerative Disorders: LDHA dysregulation is associated with Alzheimer‘s disease, Parkinson‘s disease, and Huntington‘s disease. It may contribute to neuronal damage and cell death.
• Diabetes: LDHA is involved in insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. Increased LDHA activity can contribute to hyperglycemia and diabetic complications.
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease: LDHA plays a role in intestinal inflammation. Elevated LDHA expression is observed in patients with Crohn‘s disease and ulcerative colitis.

Did you know?

LDHA is also found in the liver, where it plays a role in glucose production during fasting. This function highlights the versatility of LDHA in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.