ICOS
Description
The ICOS (inducible T cell costimulator) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
ICOS Corporation was a leading biotechnology company in the US, known for its focus on inflammatory disorders. It was established in 1989 and acquired by Eli Lilly in 2007. Icos conducted clinical trials for numerous drugs, but only Cialis, a treatment for erectile dysfunction, reached market approval. Cialis, co-developed with GlaxoSmithKline, was a major success for Icos and generated significant revenue. While the company also developed other drugs like LeukArrest and Pafase, they were discontinued due to unfavorable clinical trial results.
ICOS (Inducible T-cell costimulator) is a protein that plays a crucial role in immune responses. It enhances the activation of T-cells, promoting their proliferation and cytokine secretion. It also facilitates interactions between T-cells and B-cells, essential for antibody production. While it doesn't stimulate interleukin-2 production, it boosts the production of interleukin-10. Notably, ICOS prevents the death of activated T-cells, ensuring sustained immune responses. Additionally, ICOS is involved in the switching of antibody types, a vital process in adaptive immunity.
ICOS is also known as AILIM, CD278, CVID1.
Associated Diseases
- Common variable immunodeficiency
- Immunodeficiency, common variable, 2
- Immunodeficiency, common variable, 1
