GUCY2C
Description
The GUCY2C (guanylate cyclase 2C) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 12.
Guanylate cyclase 2C, also known as guanylyl cyclase C (GC-C), intestinal guanylate cyclase, guanylate cyclase-C receptor, or the heat-stable enterotoxin receptor (hSTAR), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GUCY2C gene. The receptor has an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a single transmembrane region, a region with sequence similar to that of protein kinases, and a C-terminal guanylate cyclase domain. Tyrosine kinase activity mediates the GC-C signaling pathway within the cell. GC-C is a key receptor for heat-stable enterotoxins that are responsible for acute secretory diarrhea. Heat-stable enterotoxins are produced by pathogens such as Escherichia coli. Knockout mice deficient in the GC-C gene do not show secretory diarrhea on infection with E. coli, though they do with cholera toxin. This demonstrates the specificity of the GC-C receptor. Guanylate cyclase 2C is the target of linaclotide and plecanatide, oligopeptide agonists used for the treatment of chronic constipation.
Guanylyl cyclase that catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic GMP (cGMP) from GTP. It is a receptor for the E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin, and this enterotoxin stimulates the accumulation of cGMP in mammalian cells expressing GUCY2C. It is also activated by the endogenous peptides guanylin and uroguanylin.
GUCY2C is also known as DIAR6, GC-C, GCC, GUC2C, HSER, MECIL, MUCIL, STAR.
