EIF2B2 : eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit beta
Description
The EIF2B2 (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit beta) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 14.
The EIF2B2 gene provides instructions for making a part of a protein called eIF2B, specifically its beta subunit. eIF2B helps control the overall production of proteins (synthesis) in the cell by working with another protein called eIF2. This eIF2 protein is called an initiation factor as it helps start (initiate) protein synthesis. In certain situations, eIF2B increases protein synthesis by helping to recycle molecules called GTP, which carry energy for the initiation factor. Under other circumstances, it slows down protein synthesis by attaching tightly to the initiation factor, making eIF2B inactive and preventing the recycling of GTP. Proper regulation of protein synthesis is essential for ensuring the cell has the right amount of proteins to adapt to changing conditions. For example, cells need to make proteins much faster when they are multiplying compared to when they are in a resting state.
The EIF2B2 gene product, a subunit of the eIF2B complex, plays a crucial role in regulating protein synthesis by facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP on the eIF2 gamma subunit. This activity is inhibited when eIF2 is phosphorylated on its alpha subunit, leading to a decrease in the availability of methionyl-initiator methionine tRNA for ribosomes and consequently, a global suppression of translation.
EIF2B2 is also known as EIF-2Bbeta, EIF2B, EIF2Bbeta, VWM2.
Associated Diseases
- Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter 2, with or without ovarian failure
- Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter
