DCPS
Description
The DCPS (decapping enzyme, scavenger) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
DCPS, or Decapping Scavenger Enzyme, is a protein involved in mRNA degradation and other cellular processes.
DCPS, also known as Decapping Scavenger Enzyme, acts as a scavenger during mRNA degradation by the exosome. It specifically cleaves residual cap structures left behind after the 3'-to-5' exosome-mediated mRNA decay pathway. DCPS preferentially hydrolyzes 7-methylguanosine nucleoside triphosphate (m7GpppG) with up to 10-nucleotide substrates, generating 5'-phosphorylated RNA fragments and 7-methylguanosine monophosphate (m7GMP). It exhibits poor efficiency in cleaving tri-methyl guanosine nucleoside triphosphate (m3(2,2,7)GpppG) and does not hydrolyze unmethylated cap analog (GpppG). Furthermore, DCPS lacks decapping activity on intact m7GpppG-capped mRNA molecules exceeding 25 nucleotides in length. Additionally, DCPS does not hydrolyze 7-methylguanosine diphosphate (m7GDP) to m7GMP. While primarily associated with the 3'-to-5' mRNA decay pathway, DCPS may also play a role in the 5'-to-3' pathway, converting m7GDP (a product of 5'-to-3' decapping) into m7GMP. DCPS binds to m7GpppG and exhibits strong binding affinity for m7GDP. It has been implicated in the splicing of the first intron of pre-mRNAs and is known to inhibit activation-induced cell death. DCPS exists as a homodimer and interacts with components of the exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex, including EXOSC3 and EXOSC4. It also interacts with NDOR1.
DCPS is also known as ARS, DCS1, HINT-5, HINT5, HSL1, HSPC015.
