CYP4V2 : cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily V member 2
Description
The CYP4V2 (cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily V member 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4.
The CYP4V2 gene provides instructions for producing an enzyme belonging to the cytochrome P450 family. These enzymes are involved in the creation and breakdown of various molecules and chemicals within cells. CYP4V2 specifically participates in fatty acid oxidation, a multi-step process where fats are broken down and converted into energy. However, its exact role in this process is not completely understood.
CYP4V2, also known as Docosahexaenoic acid omega-hydroxylase, is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that plays a role in fatty acid metabolism, particularly in the eye. It catalyzes the omega-hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) like docosahexaenoate (DHA) and its precursor eicosapentaenoate (EPA), potentially contributing to the regulation of these retinal PUFAs. Additionally, it hydroxylates saturated fatty acids such as laurate, myristate, and palmitate, with a decreasing catalytic efficiency in the order: myristate > laurate > palmitate (C14>C12>C16). The enzyme's mechanism involves incorporating one oxygen atom from molecular oxygen into a substrate, while reducing the second oxygen atom into water. Two electrons for this process are supplied by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase).
CYP4V2 is also known as BCD, CYP4AH1.
