CAT : catalase
Description
The CAT (catalase) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
The CAT gene provides instructions for making subunits of the catalase enzyme. Four identical subunits, each bound to a heme group, form the functional enzyme. Catalase is found in cells and tissues throughout the body, where it breaks down hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into oxygen (O2) and water (H2O). Hydrogen peroxide is a byproduct of cellular reactions, and while it plays a role in signaling pathways, high levels are toxic to cells. Catalase prevents this toxicity by decomposing H2O2. If not broken down by catalase, H2O2 can be converted into reactive oxygen species, which damage DNA, proteins, and cell membranes.
CAT is also known as -.
