ARPC1B
Description
The ARPC1B (actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 7.
ARPC1B is a gene that encodes a protein, Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B, which is part of the human Arp2/3 protein complex. This complex consists of seven subunits, and ARPC1B is closely related to another subunit, ARPC1A. Both subunits may function as the p41 subunit of the Arp2/3 complex, facilitating the branching of actin filaments within cells. Variations in the p41 subunit might adapt the complex's function to different cell types or developmental stages. Research has shown that different versions of the Arp2/3 complex vary in their ability to promote actin assembly, with those containing ARPC1B and ARPC5L being more efficient than those with ARPC1A and ARPC5. The distinct roles of ARPC1A and ARPC1B are highlighted by the discovery of patients with significant or complete ARPC1B deficiency, who experience platelet and immune system abnormalities but survive, potentially due to increased expression of ARPC1A. ARPC1B has been found to interact with the protein PAK1.
ARPC1B is a component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that facilitates actin polymerization, particularly in response to nucleation-promoting factors (NPFs). The Arp2/3 complex is essential for the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, which are critical for cell motility. Furthermore, the Arp2/3 complex promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, influencing gene transcription and DNA repair. Specifically, it plays a role in homologous recombination (HR) repair by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to the movement of double-strand breaks (DSBs).
ARPC1B is also known as ARC41, IMD71, PLTEID, p40-ARC, p41-ARC.
